Ankle Fusion
Overview
Ankle fusion, medically known as arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure aimed at relieving pain and improving the overall function of the ankle. This surgical treatment is commonly carried out for individuals dealing with severe arthritis in the ankle which fails to respond to regular treatments. Ankle arthritis affects a significant number of people, impacting their mobility and daily life. Ankle fusion provides a chance to regain some of this lost functionality.
Types
While the basic premise of the procedure remains the same, there are different types of ankle fusion surgeries based on the specific needs of the patient and the extent of damage:
1. Open Ankle Fusion: This traditional surgery involves making an incision to directly access and fuse the joint.
2. Minimally Invasive Ankle Fusion: This involves using small incisions and special instruments, promoting a speedier recovery.
3. Robotic Assisted Ankle Fusion: This modern approach uses robotic technology for increased precision.
Causes
Ankle fusion is generally recommended for patients whose ankle joint is irreparably damaged due to factors such as:
• Osteoarthritis: This condition wears down the protective cartilage in the joint, causing bone-on-bone contact.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: This inflammatory disease can damage multiple joints over time, including ankles.
• Post-Traumatic Arthritis: This happens as a result of an injury in the ankle which damages the cartilage.
• Severe Fracture: In cases where a fractured bone has severely affected the ankle joint.
Symptoms
People needing ankle fusion surgery oftentimes experience the following symptoms:
• Persistent pain that worsens with activity
• Swelling around the ankle area
• Decreased mobility/range of motion
• Ankle instability
• Difficulty in walking or bearing the body’s weight
Diagnosis
A healthcare professional will carry out a physical examination to judge the range of motion and the extent of swelling and pain in the ankle. Medical history is also considered. Diagnostic tests such as X-rays, CT scans or MRIs may be used to get a detailed view of the ankle structure.
Treatment Options
If nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, braces, or injections fail to offer relief, surgical intervention in the form of ankle fusion might be considered. The fusion procedure involves removing the damaged cartilage and joining the bones with screws and plates till they heal into a single, solid bone.
Living With Ankle Fusion
Post-surgery, the ankle will have limited up and down motion. However, patients generally adapt to this limitation. Lifestyle changes may need to be considered, including:
• Regular exercises for strength and flexibility training.
• Wearing appropriate footwear to alleviate pressure on the ankle.
• Weight management to reduce stress on the ankle.
• Taking prescribed medication and following the doctor’s instruction on wound care.
When to Seek Help
If you are experiencing constant, unmanageable ankle pain that limits your mobility and activities, seek immediate medical help. A significant increase in ankle pain post-operation, the inability to walk, excessive swelling, or signs of infection are reasons to seek urgent care.
Remember, while this guide provides useful information, it cannot replace the advice and expertise of a healthcare professional. Always consult with your doctor or a healthcare provider for a thorough diagnosis and treatment.
