Shin Splints
Overview
Shin splints, also known medically as Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS), are a common condition affecting individuals who engage in moderate to heavy physical activity. They account for about 15% of all running-related injuries. It is often characterized by a dull ache in the front part of the lower leg or the “shin.”
Types
While the broad classification for shin splints is Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome, it can be further categorized into two types based on the area of pain.
1. Anterior Shin Splints: Occurs on the front (anterior) part of the shin bone and is commonly caused by overuse or excessive stress on the shin bone and its connective tissues.
2. Posterior Shin Splints: Occurs on the inside part (medial area) of the leg due to the muscle imbalance, overuse, or stress on the posterior tibialis muscle that runs along the inside of the shin.
Causes
Shin splints commonly occur due to excessive force (overload) on the shin bone and the tissues that attach the shin bone to the surrounding muscles. This force can result from:
– Starting a new exercise program or dramatically increasing the intensity or duration of your exercise routine.
– Running or jumping on hard surfaces, like concrete.
- Training mistakes or the lack of flexibility and strength.
– Improper or worn-out footwear that do not cushion and support your feet properly.
Symptoms
The most notable symptom of shin splints is pain along the border of the shin bone, which may:
– Begin during or after the exercise.
– Be sharp or dull and throbbing, paining constantly during activities.
– Swell in the lower leg (in severe cases).
- Possibly be accompanied by small bumps or lumps on the shin bone.
Diagnosis
To diagnose shin splints, health care professionals will typically first:
– Perform a physical exam of your lower leg.
– Review your medical history.
– Ask about your symptoms and physical activity routine.
In rare cases, a bone scan or a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test might be needed to distinguish shin splints from other conditions such as stress fractures.
Treatment Options
Treatment for shin splints primarily aims at reducing inflammation and pain. Options include:
Conservative Approaches:
– Rest and avoid activities causing pain but don’t stop moving completely.
– Apply ice to the affected shin for 15-20 minutes at a time.
– Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may help with pain reduction and inflammation.
Physical Therapy and Exercises:
– Specific exercises that strengthen and stretch the leg muscles can help with recovery and prevent recurrences.
– Assistive devices like orthotics, shoe inserts specially designed to help with shin splints, can provide additional support.
Surgical Approach:
In rare cases, when shin splints do not respond to treatment, surgery may be considered.
Living with Shin Splints
Living with shin splints requires a balance of adequate rest, proper physical exercise, and good nutrition. Here are some tips for managing:
– Gradually increase the intensity of your exercise program to prevent overloading the shin bone.
– Invest in good quality shoes that provide proper cushioning and support.
– Include flexibility and strength training in your workout regime.
– Maintain a healthy weight to reduce extra stress on your legs.
When to Seek Help
This condition is not life-threatening, but it can prevent you from carrying out your usual activities due to pain. It’s vital to seek medical assistance if:
– The pain persists, even with rest and ice.
– Leg is tender or swollen.
– Other symptoms such as fever, skin redness or warmth on the leg continue.
Remember to listen to your body and always seek medical help if you are unsure about a symptom.
